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==Events== *1138 – A massive earthquake strikes Aleppo, Syria. *1142 – A peace treaty between the Jin dynasty and Southern Song dynasty is formally ratified when a Jin envoy visits the Song court during the Jin–Song wars. *1531 – Huldrych Zwingli is killed in battle with the Roman Catholic cantons of Switzerland. *1582 – Because of the adoption of the Gregorian calendar, this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain. *1614 – Adriaen Block and 12 Amsterdam merchants petition the States General for exclusive trading rights in the New Netherland colony. *1634 – The Burchardi flood: "The second Grote Mandrenke" killed around 15,000 men in North Friesland, Denmark and Germany. *1649 – Sack of Wexford: After a ten-day siege, English New Model Army troops (under Oliver Cromwell) stormed the town of Wexford, killing over 2,000 Irish Confederate troops and 1,500 civilians. *1727 – George II and Caroline of Ansbach are crowned King and Queen of Great Britain. *1767 – Surveying for the Mason–Dixon line separating Maryland from Pennsylvania is completed. *1776 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Valcour Island: On Lake Champlain a fleet of American boats is defeated by the Royal Navy, but delays the British advance until 1777. *1797 – Battle of Camperdown: Naval battle between Royal Navy and Royal Netherlands Navy during the French Revolutionary Wars. The outcome of the battle was a decisive British victory. *1809 – Along the Natchez Trace in Tennessee, explorer Meriwether Lewis dies under mysterious circumstances at an inn called Grinder's Stand. *1811 – Inventor John Stevens' boat, the ''Juliana'', begins operation as the first steam-powered ferry (service between New York City, New York, and Hoboken, New Jersey). *1833 – A big demonstration at the gates of the legislature of Buenos Aires forces the ousting of governor Juan Ramón Balcarce and his replacement with Juan José Viamonte. *1852 – The University of Sydney, Australia's oldest university, is inaugurated in Sydney. *1862 – American Civil War: In the aftermath of the Battle of Antietam, Confederate General J. E. B. Stuart and his men loot Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, during a raid into the north. *1864 – Campina Grande, Brazil, is established as a city. *1865 – Paul Bogle led hundreds of black men and women in a march in Jamaica, starting the Morant Bay rebellion. *1890 – In Washington, D.C., the Daughters of the American Revolution is founded. *1899 – Second Boer War begins: In South Africa, a war between the United Kingdom and the Boers of the Transvaal and Orange Free State erupts. * 1899 – The Western League is renamed the American League. *1906 – San Francisco public school board sparks a diplomatic crisis between the United States and Japan by ordering Japanese students to be taught in racially segregated schools. *1910 – Former President Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first U.S. president to fly in an airplane. He flew for four minutes with Arch Hoxsey in a plane built by the Wright brothers at Kinloch Field (Lambert–St. Louis International Airport), St. Louis, Missouri. *1912 – First Balkan War: The Greek Army liberates the city of Kozani. *1918 – San Fermín earthquake hits western Puerto Rico. * 1918 – National Independence Day (Poland) after 123 years of occupation (1795-1918) *1929 – J. C. Penney opens store #1252 in Milford, Delaware, making it a nationwide company with stores in all 48 U.S. states. *1941 – Beginning of the National Liberation War of Macedonia. *1942 – World War II: Battle of Cape Esperance: On the northwest coast of Guadalcanal, United States Navy ships intercept and defeat a Japanese fleet on their way to reinforce troops on the island. *1944 – Tuvan People's Republic or formerly Tannu Tuva is annexed by the U.S.S.R. *1950 – Television: CBS's mechanical color system is the first to be licensed for broadcast by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission. *1954 – First Indochina War: The Viet Minh take control of North Vietnam. *1957 – Space Race: M.I.T. scientists calculate Sputnik 1's booster rocket's orbit. *1958 – Pioneer program: NASA launches the lunar probe Pioneer 1 (the probe falls back to Earth and burns up). *1962 – Second Vatican Council: Pope John XXIII convenes the first ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church in 92 years. *1968 – Apollo program: NASA launches ''Apollo 7,'' the first successful manned Apollo mission, with astronauts Wally Schirra, Donn F. Eisele and Walter Cunningham aboard. *1972 – A race riot occurs on the United States Navy aircraft carrier ''Kitty Hawk'' off the coast of Vietnam during Operation Linebacker. *1975 – The NBC sketch comedy/variety show ''Saturday Night Live'' debuts with George Carlin as the host and Andy Kaufman, Janis Ian and Billy Preston as guests. *1976 – George Washington's appointment, posthumously, to the grade of General of the Armies by congressional joint resolution Public Law 94-479 is approved by President Gerald R. Ford. *1982 – The ''Mary Rose'', a Tudor carrack which sank on July 19, 1545, is salvaged from the sea bed of the Solent, off Portsmouth. *1984 – Aboard the Space Shuttle ''Challenger'', astronaut Kathryn D. Sullivan becomes the first American woman to perform a space walk. * 1984 – An Aeroflot Tupolev Tu-154 crashes into maintenance vehicles upon landing in Omsk, Russia, killing 178. *1986 – Cold War: U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev meet in Reykjavík, Iceland, in an effort to continue discussions about scaling back their intermediate missile arsenals in Europe. *1987 – First public display of AIDS Memorial Quilt on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., during the National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights. * 1987 – Start of Operation Pawan by Indian Peace Keeping Force in Sri Lanka that killed thousands of ethnic Tamil civilians and hundreds of Tamil Tigers & Indian Army soldiers. *1996 – Pala accident: A wood lorry and school bus collide in Jõgeva county, Estonia, killing eight children. *2000 – NASA launches STS-92, the 100th Space Shuttle mission, using Space Shuttle Discovery. *2001 – The Polaroid Corporation files for federal bankruptcy protection. *2002 – A bomb attack in a shopping mall in Vantaa, Finland kills seven. *2013 – A migrant boat sinks in the Channel of Sicily with at least 34 people dead. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「October 11」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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